Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: DrugBank:APRD00181 (CAM)
 5,835 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

CAM is a derivative compound of mycophenolic acid produced by Penicillium brevicompactum, and is a new oral Purine antagonistic anticancer agent. The Phase I study was carried out cooperatively in ten hospitals. The results are as follows: The administration method was single administration and the starting dose was 200 mg/m2 (1n). The dose level was escalated according to varied Fibonacci formula. The number of total cases was thirty-one: three cases at 1n level, four at 2n, six at 3.3n, six at 7n and seven at 9n. Side effects were observed in five of thirteen cases over 7n dose levels, such as nausea, vomiting, anorexia and diarrhea. Leukopenia was developed in only one case at 7n dose level. Other side effects such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, and disturbances of liver function and renal function were not observed. It was estimated from above results that a dose limiting factor of CAM is nausea and vomiting. A subtoxic dose was 7n (1,400 mg/m2) and a maximum tolerated dose was 9n (1,800 mg/m2) which corresponded to 2,200-3,000 mg as a single administration.
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PMID:[Phase I study of a new anticancer agent CAM--results of cooperative study]. 718 85

A 65-year-old man was admitted to Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Medical Center because of dyspnea on effort, loss of appetite and general fatigue. Chest radiography on admission showed niveau formation in, and infiltration around, the bulla. Percutaneous drainage of the intrabullous fluid was performed and Mycobacterium gordonae was repeatedly cultured from it. The patient was treated with RFP, INH and CAM and the intrabullous fluid and infiltration around the bulla was markedly improved. Seven cases of pulmonary infection by M. gordonae have been reported in Japan, but this is the first case of bulla infected by this organism.
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PMID:[A case of infected bulla caused by Mycobacterium gordonae]. 1192 13

A 75-year-old man presented to his physician with weakness, anorexia, and constant right upper quadrant pain. He underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which was converted to an open cholecystectomy due to presumed adhesions. Direct examination of the liver was negative for masses or lesions. A CT scan was negative for masses or nodules. The gallbladder was 8.5 x 2.5 cm(2), with a diffusely thick wall measuring 2.5 cm. Microscopic examination showed a monomorphic tumor consisting of cells with increased nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio and occasional nucleoli, infiltrating the entire gallbladder uniformly. The tumor cells that reacted to antibodies directed against HepPar1, CAM 5.2, CK19 and scattered cells were immunoreactive for CD117, CD34, and CD56. This immunohistochemical profile suggested a 'hepatocellular progenitor cell tumor of the gall bladder'. This report is, to our knowledge, the first such case of a tumor of this cell type reported in the gallbladder. In addition, we present a review of the literature.
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PMID:Hepatocellular progenitor cell tumor of the gallbladder: a case report and review of the literature. 1569 16

A spontaneous case of renal tumor was observed in a 7-year-old ovariectomized female pet ferret (Mustela putorius furo). Clinical signs included exhaustion, emaciation, anorexia, and stooping position. At necropsy, a solid and cystic mass replaced the left kidney and adrenal gland. The tumor was composed of pleomorphic epithelial cells with a large number of giant cells. Metastases were recognized in the lung, liver, greater omentum, right renal pelvis, and systemic lymph nodes. Immunohistochemical stains revealed that the tumor cells were positive for CD10, cytokeratin (CAM 5.2), and Ki-67 (MIB-1). On the basis of morphologic and immunohistochemical features, the tumor was diagnosed as a pleomorphic renal adenocarcinoma. This type of neoplasm is very rare in all species and has never been reported in a ferret.
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PMID:Renal adenocarcinoma in a ferret. 1667 82

A 74-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital in December, 2003 because of anorexia and weight loss lasting from August, 2003. Chest CT scan showed empyema with a niveau in the right lung and infiltrative and nodular shadows in the left lung. Acid-fast bacilli were detected in pleural effusion. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was negative for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) but positive for Mycobacterium avium (M. avium). PCR test for M. avium was also positive in bronchial lavage fluid, and many colonies of M. avium complex ( MAC) were cultured from pleural effusion. After we administered 4 drugs including RFP, EB, SM, and CAM, cultured colonies of M. avium decreased, the inflammatory reaction improved, and infiltrates in the left upper lobe has disappeared. These improvements confirmed the diagnosis of empyema caused by M. avium. Since nontuberculous mycobacteria induced empyema has rarely been reported, the clinical features of this disease should further be examined.
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PMID:[A case of pyothorax caused by Mycobacterium avium]. 1722 5

In preparing a decision about the legal status of khat in the Netherlands, the Dutch Minister of Health requested CAM (Coordination point Assessment and Monitoring new drugs) to assess the overall risk of khat in the Netherlands. The present paper is a redraft of a report which formed the scientific basis of the risk evaluation procedure (October 2007). This report reviews the scientific data about khat available in the international literature. In addition, the report contains some information specific for the Netherlands (prevalence, availability of khat and public order aspects). The main psychoactive compounds in khat leaves are cathine and cathinone, which are some 2- to 10-fold less active than amphetamine. Acute health problems are rarely seen, and are usually related with malnutrition, social and financial problems. Khat has a low addictive potential. Chronic toxicity of khat is modest when used in low amounts, whereas at high levels, khat use is associated with adverse effects, like hypertension, heart rhythm disorders, insomnia and loss of appetite. In addition, khat users show a higher prevalence of cancers in the digestive tract. At population level, khat does not lead to specific health risks in the Netherlands, as its use is confined to East-African immigrants. A relationship between khat use and psychiatric disorders has been suggested, but the reports are contradictory, and such studies are presumably heavily confounded by posttraumatic and social stress. In the Netherlands (and other countries), khat use occasionally leads to minor disturbance of civil order in the public domain (loud talking, spitting), but is not related to criminal activities. Following the assessment, CAM estimated the overall risk potential of khat use in the Netherlands as very low. A similar conclusion may be drawn for countries with a comparable prevalence of khat use and khat related public order disturbance.
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PMID:Risk assessment of khat use in the Netherlands: a review based on adverse health effects, prevalence, criminal involvement and public order. 1878 27