Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: DrugBank:APRD00080 (Leaf)
 21,685 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oxygen uptake is an important parameter to control proper tissue oxygen delivery. Oxygen uptake is dependent on adequate lung function and easily disturbed by changes in lung compliance and related parameters such as the tidal volume controlling pressure support. Simultaneous on-line registration of oxygen uptake and lung compliance together with ventilatory pressures applied to achieve preset tidal volumes has been made possible using the computer feedback controlled closed circuit ventilatory system Physio-Flex (Physio Co, Hoofdorp, The Netherlands). The system guarantees for leakage free functioning (maximal leakage 7 mL gas loss/minute) and, therefore, patient oxygen consumption measurements with an accuracy of more than 95%. A specially developed membrane ventilation mode registers on-line flow and displaced volume automatically corrected for temperature, pressure and compressible volume. The current investigation has shown: Decrease oxygen consumption versus oxygen delivery supply dependency may be induced by reflectory decreases of heart rate and cardiac output; in this case a reactive pulmonary parameter change is preceding the event in form of a drop in compliance and corresponding changes in ventilatory pressures necessary to maintain the preset tidal volume. In contrast, decrease of oxygen uptake following changes in cardiac output due to acute hypovolemia has no effect on pulmonary function parameters. This can be diagnostically used as moderate changes of tidal volume also have no significant influence on pulmonary parameters. However, changes due to reduction in depth of anesthesia and relaxation have some influence and need to be excluded.
 ...
PMID:Oxygen uptake and static lung compliance during automatic ventilation. 128 12

Laser surgery can be performed using either endotracheal intubation, apnoea or jet ventilation. For operations performed under endotracheal intubation the same technical rules apply as for any other type of anaesthesia. To facilitate intubation a special laser tube is required. The Mallinckrodt Laser-Flex Tracheal Tube has the best physical qualities of all endotracheal catheters available commercially. Aspiration prophylaxis using ranitidin and metoclopramide is recommended for procedures under apnoea or using jet ventilation. For monitoring purposes during jet ventilation or procedures under apnoea, transcutaneous oximetry, ECG recording as well as non-invasive blood pressure measurements at short intervals is mandatory. In addition video monitoring is desirable to allow visual anaesthesiological surveillance of the larynx. The jet ventilator must meet established standards; the option must be available to survey inspiratory peak pressure and end-exspiratory pressure as well as the setting of appropriate alarm limits.
 ...
PMID:[Anesthesia technique for laser surgery in the region of the larynx]. 156 82

A retrospective analysis was performed of 56 patients presenting to Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland, over a 25 year period with a diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma, in an effort to assess the changing role of surgery in the management of this disease. There were 38 males and 18 females; the age range at presentation was from birth to 13 years with a median of three years. Head and neck tumors occurred most frequently (23) followed by pelvic (14), paratesticular (6), extremities (6), gastrointestinal (4) and thoracic (3). Prior to 1971 there were no survivors while a doubling of survival has been observed within the past decade (31% to 63%). The minimum period of follow-up was four years. Surgical intervention ranged from total primary excision (20) to biopsy only (21) with total or subtotal resection performed electively in 15. Surgical evaluations, including examinations under anesthesia, staging laparotomy and second look laparotomy were also invaluable in assessing disease status. The incorporation of multiagent chemotherapy together with more selective use of radiotherapy has enabled a more conservative role to be adopted by the surgical oncologist thereby minimizing longterm sequelae.
 ...
PMID:The changing role of surgery in the management of rhabdomyosarcoma. 161 Jul 58

In 23 patients with diabetes mellitus, the effectiveness of anesthesiologic support of the operations on the aorta and major vessels, which was based on combined epidural anesthesia performed using the conventional technique, was analysed. Sugar concentration in the blood was maintained at a level of no more than 11 mmol/l. Use of the method permitted to provide an adequate anesthesia, stable concentration of glucose in the blood, constant aqueous-electrolyte balance and acid-base state.
 ...
PMID:[Anesthesiologic management of surgery of the aorta and the major vessels in patients with diabetes mellitus]. 177 72

A fire due to endotracheal tube (ET) ignition is a catastrophic event that may occur during laser surgery of the upper airway, regardless of the wavelength utilized. Although methods exist that permit laser surgery without an ET, this is frequently not feasible. The current investigation was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of a double-cuffed stainless steel ET, first in the laboratory and subsequently in a clinical setting. Bench testing was performed using CO2 (both standard and milliwatt) and KTP/532 lasers. Only the distal polyvinyl chloride cuffed end of the tube was potentially ignitable, however, the appropriate use of saline to fill the cuffs allowed only for cuff perforation without ignition. Canine testing was performed in 10 animals: 4 dogs were intubated from 3 to 4.5 hours with the laser resistant stainless steel endotracheal tube (LRSS-ET) (Laser-Flex Tracheal Tube; Mallinckrodt Anesthesia Products, St. Louis, MO) and 2 with an aluminum tape wrapped red rubber ET. Visual and histological examination were performed in both groups at 3 and 7 days. Four dogs underwent CO2 laser laryngeal surgery with visual and histological examination performed at 7 days postoperatively. No untoward effects could be demonstrated due to the LRSS-ET. A clinical study was then performed in 24 patients who underwent laser surgery of the upper aerodigestive tract with either a CO2 or KTP/532 laser. In all cases ventilation was adequate, the shaft of the LRSS-ET proved impervious to the laser, and the distal end of the tube protected the tracheobronchial tree safely.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Laser resistant stainless steel endotracheal tube: experimental and clinical evaluation. 186 69

The effectiveness of allograft bone for posterior spinal fusion in neuromuscular scoliosis is controversial. Thirty patients with cerebral palsy, treated with posterior spinal fusion, were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 18 patients treated by posterior spinal fusion using autogenous bone graft. Group 2 consisted of 12 patients treated by posterior spinal fusion using freeze-dried allograft bone. The average preoperative curve of 70 degrees in Group 1 was corrected to 35 degrees (50% correction). At 3.2 years average follow-up, the curves averaged 51 degrees (46% loss of correction). The average preoperative curve of 80 degrees in Group 2 was corrected to 39 degrees (51% correction). At 3.5 years average follow-up, the curves averaged 54 degrees (38% loss of correction). Anesthesia time decreased from 344 to 281 minutes (p less than 0.05), and intraoperative blood loss decreased from 2730 to 1740 ml (p less than 0.025) when allograft bone was used as a substitute for autograft bone. Freeze-dried allograft bone is a readily available, safe, and effective substitute for autogenous bone graft in patients with cerebral palsy undergoing posterior spinal fusion.
 ...
PMID:Posterior spinal fusion: allograft versus autograft bone. 213 50

In 1953, two patients, Cecil Roe and Albert Woolley, sued their anaesthetist for alleged negligence because they had developed painful spastic paraparesis after spinal anaesthesia. The court found that phenol, which was used to sterilise the outside of the ampoules of local anaesthetic, had percolated the glass through invisible cracks, contaminating the solution, but that the anaesthetist could not have been aware of this risk. The case was important, despite the fact that judgement was in favour of the anaesthetist, because of the fears that it generated over the incidence of paralysis after spinal anaesthesia. The 'invisible crack' theory has been the subject of much scepticism. New information has been obtained, and the case re-examined objectively. The most probable source of contamination, which led to paralysis in the two patients, and in a third who received spinal anaesthesia on the same day, has been identified. A similar explanation may lie behind a number of other episodes of paralysis associated with spinal anaesthesia.
Anaesthesia 1990 Oct
PMID:The Woolley and Roe case. A reassessment. 224 May 3

Ninety-one laser laryngeal procedures using the apneic technique of anesthesia were performed in 28 patients between 2 months and 64 years of age. Seventy-two procedures (79%) were performed on children and 19 on adults. There were no complications. Eight laser laryngoscopies were performed using a new metal Laser-Flex endotracheal tube. Obstruction of the endotracheal tube with a mucous plug occurred in one case. The apneic technique described in this paper provides a laser operative field free of an endotracheal tube, virtually eliminating the danger of a laser fire. It is a relatively safe and effective means of performing laser laryngeal surgery. In addition, the Laser-Flex endotracheal tube appears to be an acceptable alternative to a metallic tape-wrapped endotracheal tube.
 ...
PMID:Avoiding a wrapped endotracheal tube in laser laryngeal surgery: experiences with apneic anesthesia and metal laser-flex endotracheal tubes. 224 18

The already known surgical interventions for absolute induction of extensive mandibular atrophy, cannot be suggested as routine standardized methods. Use of Hydroxylapatite-ceramic for restoration of the atrophic alveolar process, shows several advantages; among those, simplicity of the operation use of local anesthesia, as well as very low percentage of unsuccessful interventions are taken into consideration. The clinical results of 102 cases are shown and discussed. Through the addition of H.A. ceramic in the field of preprosthetic surgery, there is a broadening of the spectrum of the therapeutic possibilities of patients with prosthetic problems to be expected.
Hell Period Stomat Gnathopathoprosopike Cheir 1989 Mar
PMID:[Application of granulate hydroxylapatite for mandibular augmentation]. 256 7

Hemophilia is an inherited hemorrhagic disease which is due to the insufficiency of Factor VIII, or Factor IX, or Factor XI. Hemophilia patients are regarded as special patients with increased dental problems. The present paper consists of two parts. In the first part the types of hemophilia, ways of transmission, severity forms, and clinical characteristics are described. In the second part a protocol concerning the dental treatment of hemophilia patients is presented. There are four basic types of hemophilia: hemophilia A or classical hemophilia or Factor VIII deficiency, hemophilia B or Christmas disease, hemophilia C and von Willebrand's disease. Hemophilia is transmitted either as a sex-linked recessive or as an autosomal dominant trait, depending on the type of the disease. The severity of hemophilia depends on the amount of the coagulation factor present. According to this amount, there are four scales of severity. The clinical characteristics of the disease also depend on the amount of the factor present and vary, from occasional bleedings to serious and even life-threatening bleeding episodes. In the second part of the paper the special psychological and physiological problems of the hemophiliacs are discussed. In addition, there is reference to the hematologic coverage these patients need, as well as to the protection measures for the dental personnel against hepatitis and AIDS. The dental treatment plan at the office is presented in detail, including a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the treatment of hemophilia patients in the operating room under general anesthesia.
Hell Stomatol Chron
PMID:[Hemophilic patients. Treatment protocol in the dental office]. 297 76


1 2 3 4 5 6 Next >>