Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: CAS:81098-60-4 (Cisapride)
 330 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cisapride is known to accelerate gastrointestinal motility in various diseases with gastrointestinal motor abnormalities, and in normal subjects. In this study, we developed a new method to evaluate intestinal transit by radio-opaque markers, and evaluated the effect of oral doses of cisapride on intestinal transit in 6 normal subjects. Twenty markers were ingested with breakfast, and abdominal X-ray pictures were taken at 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours later, markers on the films were scored according to estimated their location. Geometric mean of the markers and half-dose transit-time (HT) at selected points of the colon were calculated. Cisapride 7.5 mg, 15 mg per day or placebo, were given in random order, in double blind fashion. Cisapride accelerated intestinal transit at every point calculated. HT at anus was shortened to 23.3 +/- 10.2 hours (mean +/- SD) (p less than 0.05) with cisapride 15 mg/day from 42.3 +/- 16.9 hours with placebo. Geometric means at 24-hour were 3.7 +/- 1.4 with placebo, 5.3 +/- 0.9 (p less than 0.05) with cisapride 7.5 mg/day, and 5.1 +/- 1.5 with cisapride 15 mg/day. No serious side effects were noted. Our new method to evaluate intestinal transit using radio-opaque markers is easy to perform, and is able to quantify the state of transit. Cisapride accelerated intestinal transit without diarrhea. This effect of cisapride on intestinal transit may be useful in patients with constipation.
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PMID:[The effect of cisapride on intestinal transit]. 338 87

Paraplegic patients have intractable constipation associated with prolonged colonic transit time. The agent Cisapride significantly reduced the colonic transit time from 7.7 days to 5.1 days. It also improved the intraluminal tone in the rectum, resulting in a significant reduction in maximal rectal capacity from 305.8 ml to 224.3 ml. There was a reduction in residual urine volume from 51.5 ml to 27.7 ml. The increased number of stools containing transit markers showed that intraluminal mixing was increased by cisapride. Faecal water remained unchanged. A side effect was retention of urine in one subject after sudden withdrawal of the drug but this was avoided by its gradual reduction over 2 days.
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PMID:The action of cisapride on the chronic constipation of paraplegia. 341 60

We describe the case of a paraplegic patient who suffered traumatic spinal cord injury at the level of the twelfth thoracic vertebra. Within a short period of time following the injury, urinary (neuropathic bladder) and gastrointestinal (atomic colon) sequelae arose. Treatment with Cisapride (R 51 619, Janssen Pharmaceutica) was undertaken in an attempt to increase colonic motility and to reduce urinary retention. These goals were reached rapidly with a dose of 10 mg q.i.d.; the effect has been maintained for at least 18 months since starting the therapy.
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PMID:Treatment with cisapride of the gastrointestinal and urological sequelae of spinal cord transection: case report. 341 62

Ten patients with postprandial upper abdominal discomfort, 4 of them having delayed gastric emptying, were included in a single-blind y camera study aimed at comparing the effects of cisapride and metoclopramide on gastric emptying. The two drugs were given sequentially, at a one-week interval, at a single oral dose of 10 mg, 15 minutes before intake of a labelled ordinary test meal. Applying a power exponential mathematical model to the y-camera data, T1/2 and the shape of the emptying curve were determined. The median half-emptying time (T1/2) was reduced from 81.5 min. in the basal condition to 62.5 min (-23%) after cisapride and to 84.5 min. (-9%) after metoclopramide. As compared with the basal values cisapride significantly (P less than 0005, Wilcoxon Test) reduced the % RRAD from 45 min. after intake of the meal on wards. The onset of action of cisapride was faster (P less than 0.05) than that of metoclopramide. In the main, each of these drugs accelerated evacuation of the meal in the cases of delayed emptying. Cisapride particularly shortened the initial emptying lag and was superior to metoclopramide in this respect.
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PMID:Acute effect of the gastrokinetics cisapride and metoclopramide on the gastric emptying function in patients with the early satiety syndrome. 344 82

The effect of cisapride, a new gastrokinetic drug, on gastric emptying and duodenogastric reflux of bile salts was tested in healthy volunteers in a placebo-controlled double-blind randomized cross-over trial. Twenty subjects were treated with either 10 mg of cisapride, tid orally or with matching placebo tablets for 1 wk. On test days, the subjects were studied using a marker technique with gastric intubation in the fasting state and after feeding a mixed liquid meal. Cisapride did not affect gastric secretion and gastric emptying. There was a tendency to lower reflux rates after cisapride treatment both fasting (0.63 +/- 0.14 versus 0.38 mumol/min +/- 0.05 SEM) and after feeding (2.60 +/- 0.61 versus 1.88 mumol/min +/- 0.33 SEM). This was due to a decrease of high placebo reflux rates: the reduction of reflux rate achieved by cisapride was significantly correlated to the height of the placebo reflux rate (p less than 0.001). A similar relationship was found for gastric bile salt concentration (p less than 0.001). It is concluded that cisapride reduces high bile salt reflux. Therapeutic trials with this drug in diseases where high bile reflux is believed to play a pathogenic role are of interest.
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PMID:Chronic oral treatment with cisapride decreases high bile salt reflux rates. 351 7

Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction is a clinical syndrome whose pathophysiology, objective diagnosis, and treatment are poorly understood. We investigated 8 patients with this syndrome in whom intestinal dysmotility was established manometrically by two or more of the following criteria: abnormal configuration or propagation of interdigestive motor complexes, sustained incoordinate pressure activity, non-propagated bursts of phasic pressure activity, and failure of a solid-liquid meal to induce a fed pattern. To establish the functional impairment and region of the gut primarily affected by the disease, we quantified radio-scintigraphically the gastrointestinal transit of the solid (131I-fiber) and liquid (99 mTc-DTPA) components of a meal. Our techniques allowed us to quantify separately gastric emptying and pylorus-to-cecum transit. Furthermore, we evaluated the effects of a new prokinetic agent, cisapride. Gastric emptying times in pseudoobstruction were not significantly delayed; however, transit times through the small bowel (t1/2) were markedly prolonged [solids, 235 +/- 43 min (mean +/- SEM) vs. 138 +/- 25 controls, p less than 0.05; liquids, 310 +/- 67 vs. 181 +/- 28 controls, p = 0.07]. Cisapride was effective in reducing the delayed intestinal transit time to within the normal range (delta solids = -115 +/- 25 min; delta liquids = -146 +/- 71 min; p less than 0.05 for both). These studies suggest that intestinal dysmotility in this group of patients with pseudoobstruction was associated with delayed small bowel transit of radiolabeled solid and liquid components of chyme. Cisapride can restore to normal the delayed transit, indicating that it may potentially correct the impaired propulsive activity in the small bowel of these patients.
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PMID:Impaired transit of chyme in chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction. Correction by cisapride. 352 15

The influence of the prokinetic drug cisapride on the release of gastrointestinal hormones was studied in volunteers. First, acute effects of single doses of cisapride compared with saline were investigated. Cisapride at doses of 8 mg and 20 mg intravenously significantly increased plasma concentrations of pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) by 145% and 146%, respectively. Cholecystokinin (CCK) levels were increased by 176% at 8 mg cisapride, whereas gastrin and insulin levels remained unchanged. Enhancement of PP and CCK secretion was almost completely abolished by pretreatment with 1 mg atropine. Carbachol (250 micrograms subcutaneously) increased PP release by 62% but did not affect the other hormones. Second, the influence of a 1-week treatment (10 mg three times daily, given orally) on plasma hormone levels was studied. After 1 week the postprandial CCK release was diminished by 58%. Basal levels and postprandial responses of gastrin, PP, and insulin were not altered by prolonged cisapride administration. It is concluded that acute application of cisapride stimulates secretion of PP and CCK via atropine-sensitive mechanisms and that chronic treatment with cisapride diminishes CCK release by an unknown mechanism.
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PMID:Effect of the prokinetic drug cisapride on gastrointestinal hormone release. 353 12

In a double blind crossover comparison with placebo, the effects of cisapride (10 mg tid for two weeks), a non-antidopaminergic gastrointestinal prokinetic drug, on gastric emptying times and on symptoms were evaluated in 12 patients with chronic idiopathic dyspepsia and gastroparesis. Gastric emptying was studied by a radioisotopic gamma camera technique. The test meal was labelled in the solid component (99mTc-sulphur colloid infiltrated chicken liver). Nine symptoms (nausea, belching, regurgitations, vomiting, postprandial drowsiness, early satiety, epigastric pain or burning, heartburn) were graded weekly on a questionnaire. Cisapride was significantly more effective than placebo in shortening the t1/2 of gastric emptying (p2 = 0.04), but no significant difference was observed between the two treatments with regard to the improvement of total symptom score (p2 = 0.09). No side effects were reported during the study.
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PMID:Effect of chronic administration of cisapride on gastric emptying of a solid meal and on dyspeptic symptoms in patients with idiopathic gastroparesis. 355 6

The effect of cisapride, 10 mg three times daily, was evaluated in a double-blind randomized study in 118 patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia. Peptic ulcer disease was excluded by endoscopy, gallstones by ultrasonography, and chronic pancreatitis by a series of non-invasive tests. Symptomatic improvement was evaluated by interview after 2 and 4 weeks; the patients also kept a diary. Cisapride caused significant improvement compared with placebo with regard to frequency and severity of symptoms and may therefore be useful in the therapy of non-ulcer dyspepsia.
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PMID:Cisapride in non-ulcer dyspepsia. Results of a placebo-controlled trial. 355 91

Delayed gastric emptying is common in primary anorexia nervosa. We investigated in 12 patients whether gastric emptying could be accelerated by the prokinetic drug cisapride. Patients were studied on two occasions 1 wk apart and received, under random double-blind conditions, 8 mg of cisapride and placebo intravenously. Gastric emptying of an isotopically labeled semisolid meal and antral motor activity were measured using a dual-headed gamma-camera for 50 min. Emptying was significantly slower (half-emptying time, 50-191 min; median, 121 min) than in 24 healthy volunteers (half-emptying times, 21-119 min; median, 47 min). Cisapride accelerated emptying significantly (p less than 0.001; half-emptying time after cisapride, 22-80 min; median, 42 min). Antral contraction amplitude increased and contraction frequency decreased significantly (p less than 0.001), whereas the propagation velocity of contractions remained unchanged. We concluded that intravenous cisapride accelerates gastric emptying and increases antral contraction amplitude in patients with anorexia nervosa. Whether or not these effects can prove beneficial in diminishing the patients' symptoms and in helping them to gain weight can only be answered from studies involving long-term treatment with cisapride.
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PMID:Intravenous cisapride accelerates delayed gastric emptying and increases antral contraction amplitude in patients with primary anorexia nervosa. 355 83


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