Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: CAS:80-08-0 (DSS)
 2,544 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Increased antimycobacterial activity of Isoprodian (isoniazid + prothionamide + dapsone) may be due to (i) decreased mutation rate for INH resistance provoked in mycobacteria by DDS (in 2 of 3 strains tested); (ii) leakage of K+, Na+ or Ca++ caused by INH and/or by PTH (in all 3 strains tested), and (iii) indicating damages which may increase the low level penetration of DDS into the cell in sub-MIC concentrations as shown by phage proliferation changes (tested in 1 strain with 1 phage).
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PMID:On the mechanism of the antimycobacterial activity of isoniazid + prothionamide + dapsone (Isoprodian). 47 53

25 cases of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL) Syndrome have been clinically evaluated. Majority patients (84%) were males in the middle age group. Fever (56%), arthralgia (100%) and neuritic pains (100%) were common presenting constitutional symptoms. ENL was not related to DDS therapy or to any precipitating factors. Severity of reaction graded by clinical scoring was well correlated with fibrinolytic activity. Fibrinolytic activity was found decreased in all the cases. The decreases in fibrinolytic activity was more so pronounced in patients having higher clinical scorings.
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PMID:A study of patients with erythema nondosum leprosum syndrome. 48 Sep 11

Acute dapsone poisoning is rare and such cases are either accidental or suicidal. Though accidental DDS poisoning are reported in children, the same is fairly uncommon in adults. Only 2 such cases are reported in India literature. We here report 4 cases of fatal sucidial DDS poisoning in adults resulting death in 3 cases. The reported acute symptoms include nausea, vomiting, hyperexcitability followed by depression, Carpopedal spasm or convulsions. The most marked signs are dyspnoea and cyanosis. The symptoms are due to methaemoglobinaemia, and or sulphaemoglobinaemia. Normally dapsone induces red cell haemolysis and even with small therapeutic doses of 25-100 mg per day, and in toxic doses reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of blood and damages the red cells making them more vulnerable for haemolysis. The peculiarity of the presentation in this series are manifestation of severe haemorrhagic episode in one case and progressive jaundice in another besides cyanosis. None of the cases had carpopedal spasm or convulsion. Out of four cases three died inspite of intensive care, intravenous vitamin C, exchange transfusion (2 cases) and other supportive measures. Intravenous methylene blue could not be used in these cases due to non-availability.
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PMID:Acute fatal DDS poisoning. (Report of 4 cases). 48 Sep 16

A study was undertaken to probe into the influence of ascorbic acid on the absorption and metabolism of administered DDS in leprosy patients. Vit 'C' supplementation did not generally exhibit any effect on blood levels DDS except in cases of BB and LL where only 8 hrs DDS values showed a statistically significant increase.
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PMID:Effect of ascorbic acid on blood levels of DDS. 52 44

An ulnar nerve biopsy from a patient with purely neural leprosy of the borderline tuberculoid group, who developed ulnar and median paralysis after 2.5 years of DDS therapy, was examined using light and electron microscopes. The nerve parenchyma was largely replaced by collagen fibrils. There were many onion bulbs similar to those seen in hypertrophic neuropathies. Bizarre fibroblasts such as those seen in hereditary sensory neuropathy were also demonstrated. A few Schwann cells contained M. leprae. It is suggested that considerable proliferation of fibrous tissue may be a reactive phenomenon in response to the continued presence of fragmented M. leprae and their products. Ischemia following a marked progressive increase of intraneural collagen is an important cause of atrophy of Schwann cells followed by segmental demyelination and necrosis of the axons in this healed leprosy patient.
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PMID:Progressive nerve lesion in a disease-arrested leprosy patient. An electron microscopic study. 56 56

Depression in PHA-induced lymphocyte transformation in peripheral blood has been observed in 15 healthy volunteers after administration of DDS (100 mg/day) for seven days. In vitro culture of lymphocytes obtained from these volunteers in DDS-free normal AB serum has not altered the blast cell numbers. Lymphocytes of these volunteers have been found to contain a significant amount of DDS, ranging from 0.42 to 3.2 micrograms per 10.6 lymphocytes.
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PMID:In vivo effect of DDS on phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced lymphocyte transformation cultures in normal healthy volunteers. 57 51

The Urinary DDS/Creatinine ratios in the supervised in-patients and out-patients attending the C.L.T. & R.I., clinic were compared. The subjects of this study were receiving dapsone at the daily dosage of 25, 50 and 100 mg or bi-weekly dosage of 25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 mgs. The mean urinary DDS/Creatinine ratios from out-patients were significantly lower than those of the in-patients in both dosage schedules of treatment and suggest that a certain percentage of out-patients have been irregular in the intake of dapsone in the period immediately prior to the collection of urine specimens. The estimated percentage of gross irregularity of intake is markedly higher in the bi-weekly as compared with the daily dosage schedule. The gross irregularity of intake was particularly marked in the higher dosage groups such as 100 mg daily or bi-weekly and 200 mg bi-weekly. The implications of the findings are discussed.
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PMID:Monitoring self administration of dapsone by patients. 59 39

In order to investigate the effect of splenectomy on tumor growth, splenectomy was performed in DDS mice transplanted subcutaneously with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells before and after the transplantation. It was found that, in the first control group receiving sham operation, all the mice died of tumor; in the second group that underwent splenectomy 1 week before the transplantation the tumor regressed in every case; in the third group that received splenectomy 5 days after transplantation when tumor became established, the tumor regression was observed in 85% of the animals, and in the fourth group that underwent splenectomy 10 days after transplantation, all the animals died of tumor earlier than the sham-operated first group. In the follow-up observations of 389 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy alone and 89 cases who received gastrectomy combined with splenectomy, the 5-year survival rate of the latter group tended to show a better prognosis in a relatively early stage. It was concluded that splenectomy might inhibit the growth of tumor in a certain early stage, in both animals and humans, and the possible mechanism of this effect of splenectomy was discussed from the immunological aspects.
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PMID:Effect of splenectomy in tumor-bearing mice and gastric cancer patients. 59 44

A 59 year-old man with erythema elevatum diutinum which we consider a variant of cutaneous vasculitis, is reported. An excellent therapeutic effect with Dapsone (DDS) was obtained in this case. Clinical and histopathological similarities among erythema elevatum diutinum, extracellular cholesterosis and granuloma annulare are discussed.
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PMID:[Erythema elevatum diutinum, a variant of cutaneous vasculitis]. 59 13

The Dapsone/creatinine ratio in random samples of urine was determined in 910 infectious leprosy patients attending the outpatient department of the Acworth Leprosy Hospital, Bombay during the period 20-9-76 to 20-11-1976. It was found that 48.7% of them were not taking regular treatment. The patients who were detected to be irregular in treatment were interviewed when they next attended the clinic to find the reason behind their irregularity. It was noticed that the majority of them (63%) attended the clinic for DDS treatment but could not come regularly for valid reasons, e.g. no time to attend, no money to travel to the clinic and absence from Bombay to go to native village.
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PMID:Irregularity of Dapsone intake in infectious leprosy patients attending an urban treatment centre--its magnitude and causes. 65 17


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