Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: C35E7 .10
 63,145 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

lambda(Mo K alpha) = 0.71069 A, T = 298 K. Anonamine (I) (12,21-dihydroxy-4-methyl-4,8-secosenecionan-8,11,16-trione): C19H27NO7, Mr = 381.2, monoclinic, C2, a = 24.247 (7), b = 8.766 (2), c = 9.072 (1) A, beta = 99.21 (2) degrees, U = 1903.3 (8) A3, Z = 4, Dm = 1.32 (1), D chi = 1.330 g cm-3, mu(Mo K alpha) = 1.09 cm-1, F(000) = 816. Neosenkirkine (II) (12-hydroxy-4-methyl-4,8-secosenecionan-8,11,16-trione): C19H27NO6, Mr = 365.2, monoclinic, C2, a = 24.45 (1), b = 8.781 (2), c = 9.029 (2) A, beta = 98.99 (3) degrees, U = 1915 (1) A3, Z = 4, Dm = 1.27 (1), D chi = 1.267 g cm-3, mu(Mo K alpha) = 1.01 cm-1, F(000) = 784. Hydroxysenkirkine (III) [12,18-dihydroxy-4-methyl-4,8-secosenecionan-8, 11,16-trione-methanol (1/1)]: C19H27NO7.CH3OH, Mr = 413.2, orthorhombic, P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 9.052 (3), b = 13.150 (4), c = 17.404 (8) A, U = 2071 (1) A3, Z = 4, Dm = 1.33 (1), D chi = 1.325 g cm-3, mu(Mo K alpha) = 1.10 cm-1, F(000) = 888. Full-matrix least squares refinement converged at R values of 0.042, 0.043 and 0.051 for 3163, 2894 and 2896 reflections for (I), (II), (III), respectively. All three crystals exhibit hydrogen bonds, including intramolecular O11...HO12 and intermolecular O8...HO12. In addition, intermolecular hydrogen bonds appear in (I) between O21...HO21' and in (III) between O8...HOCH3. The observed N...C8 distances across the eight-membered otonecine rings were 2.200, 2.245 and 1.712 A in (I), (II) and (III) respectively.
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PMID:Anonamine, C19H27NO7, neosenkirkine, C19H27NO6, and hydroxysenkirkine, C19H27NO7.CH3OH. Macrocyclic secopyrrolizidine alkaloids from Senecio anonymus Wood. 327 Oct 98

Several concentrations of trehalose (0.0, 0.04, 0.1, 0.25 M) in combination with three concentrations of glycerol (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 M) were evaluated for the cryopreservation of murine embryos. Embryos were transferred through increasing concentrations of glycerol in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline with 10% fetal calf serum (PBS + FCS) to reach the final glycerol concentrations. They were then randomly assigned to one of the concentrations of trehalose. A total of 506 morulae were packaged individually in 0.25-ml plastic straws and cooled from ambient temperature at 1.0 degrees C/min in a programmable methanol freezer. Embryos were seeded at -7 degrees C and then cooled to -25 degrees C at 0.3 degrees C/min before being plunged into liquid nitrogen. After thawing and a one-step dilution of glycerol, embryos were cultured for 48 hr and viability was determined by blastocoel formation. Highest viability (70.0%) after 48 hr in culture was obtained for embryos frozen in 1.5 M glycerol plus 0.10 M trehalose as compared to 31% viability for embryos frozen with glycerol alone. These observations suggest that trehalose can be used in combination with glycerol as a cryoprotectant and that a high rate of viability can be achieved after a one-step dilution of the cryoprotectants.
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PMID:Cryopreservation of murine embryos with trehalose and glycerol. 340 7

Factors controlling the separation of seven water-soluble vitamins on reversed-phase columns were systematically evaluated. Factors studied include both mobile phase constituents and column parameters. Data showed that a mobile phase containing hexanesulfonate (5 mM), methanol (15%), acetic acid (1%), and triethylamine (0.10-0.13%) yielded excellent separations with several C8 and C18 columns. Lowering the methanol concentration in the mobile phase enhanced the resolution of early eluting peaks, while the triethylamine level controlled the peak shape and retention of thiamine. The analytical precision, robustness, and sensitivity of the developed liquid chromatographic (LC) separation were evaluated. The stability of the LC separation was found to be satisfactory for over a 4-month period.
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PMID:Factors affecting the ion-pair chromatography of water-soluble vitamins. 341 36

A high-performance liquid chromatographic technique is presented for the simultaneous determination of theophylline, 3-methylxanthine, 1-methyluric acid, 1,3-dimethyluric acid, and caffeine in urine using beta-hydroxyethyl theophylline (BHET) as an internal standard. Following centrifugation of the sample, 2 mL of urine was placed onto a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge (Waters Associates, Milford, MA, USA) that was prepared with 5 mL of methanol followed by 10 mL of distilled water. The compounds were eluted with 2.5 mL of a methanol:water (50:50) mixture. An aliquot of the filtered urine sample (100 microL) was added to 40 microL of an internal standard solution (BHET; 100 micrograms/mL). Distilled water (60 microL) was added to yield a volume of 200 microL. The mixture was vortexed and centrifuged, and 100 microL was injected onto a C8 column maintained at 55 degrees C. Inter- and intraday variability of the assay for all compounds was less than 5.7%. Sensitivity ranged from 0.10 microgram/mL for caffeine to 0.68 microgram/mL for 1-methyluric acid. Drugs commonly coadministered with theophylline did not interfere with the assay.
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PMID:A new simplified assay for the quantitation of theophylline and its major metabolites in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography. 358 41

A method for the determination of selenium in human spermatozoa and prostasomes is described. The samples were digested with 25% (w/v) tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) in methanol and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization and Zeeman background correction (ET-AAS). Nickel was used as a matrix modifier. Calibration was performed using the matrix-based calibration curve. The TMAH-digestion method agreed well with a conventional digestion procedure using concentrated nitric acid. The TMAH-digestion does not require heating or strong acids and it was suitable for small biological samples. The average recovery of added selenium in spermatozoan digests was 95.1 +/- 5.2% (n = 5). The coefficient of variation was 9.1% (n = 21). The accuracy of the method tested with the NBS standard 1577 (bovine liver, certified at 1.1 +/- 0.1 micrograms Se/g) resulted in a value of 0.98 +/- 0.10 micrograms Se/g (n = 16). The method was further tested in an interlaboratory comparison study.
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PMID:Determination of selenium in human spermatozoa and prostasomes using base digestion and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry. 367 30

Two pesticides, the fungicide Endodan (ethylene thiuram monosulphide) and the insecticide-acaricide Kilacar (bis(parachlorophenyl)cyclopropyl methanol), produced or used in the neighbouring countries of Bulgaria and Greece were investigated in a coordinated research programme for their genotoxic effects in a variety of test systems. This included the Ames test, Aspergillus nidulans for mitotic segregation, in vitro human lymphocyte cell cultures for SCE and chromosomal aberrations, in vivo bone marrow cells in hamsters and rats and the dominant lethal test in rats. The genotoxicity of Endodan was found to range from negative to slightly positive in different test systems. At concentrations of 7.5 and 12.0 micrograms/plate together with S9 mix it induced base-pair substitutions in the TA100 strain of Salmonella typhimurium at a rather low level. At a dose of 93 mg/kg b.w. it also caused chromosomal aberrations in acutely treated hamster bone marrow cells. A significant increase of SCE was also found in human lymphocyte cultures at a concentration of 20.0 micrograms/ml. Endodan was found to be negative in A. nidulans for somatic segregation, lymphocyte cultures for chromosomal aberrations and mitotic activity and in rats for dominant lethals and chromosomal aberrations. Kilacar was found to be a weak mutagen in the TA97 strain of S. typhimurium at concentrations of 2.5 and 5.0 micrograms/plate together with S9 mix. At concentrations of 1.0, 1.5 and 2 micrograms/ml Kilacar increased the number of mitotic segregants in A. nidulans by 160%, 220% and 156% respectively over the control. In Syrian hamster bone marrow cells after acute administration at concentrations of 0, 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg, the MI was 5.50, 4.30, 3.10 and 1.30 respectively, and an increase in chromosomal aberrations of about 300% over the control was observed with a concentration of 80 mg/kg. In human lymphocytes no significant changes were observed in either MI or SCE. In the dominant lethal test after chronic treatment of male rats at doses of 5.1, 10.2 and 102.0 mg/kg b.w. no significant mutagenic effect was found although a decrease was shown in the percentage of females with implants mated with treated males in the first week.
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PMID:On the genotoxicity of the pesticides Endodan and Kilacar in 6 different test systems. 389 82

Four hybridomas have been produced that secrete monoclonal antibodies to human beta-casein, a protein synthesized by fully differentiated breast epithelial cells. The antibodies have been characterized on immunoblots and have been shown to react with methanol: acetone-fixed sections of human lactating mammary gland. Immunoblots show that three of these antibodies react with casein whereas one, F20.10, also recognizes an epitope present on human alpha-lactalbumin. Computer analysis of the amino acid sequences of these two milk proteins reveals very little sequence homology, leading to the conclusion that the three-dimensional shape, rather than the primary sequence, is important in this cross-reactivity.
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PMID:Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to human casein. A monoclonal antibody that cross-reacts with casein and alpha-lactalbumin. 390 81

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), extracted from Streptococcus mutans 10449 by hot aqueous phenol, was partially purified by Sepharose 6B column chromatography in 0.01 M sodium acetate, pH 6.0, containing 0.25 M sodium chloride and 0.001 M EDTA. Nucleic acid and polysaccharide were precipitated from the LTA-containing column peak by the addition of 2 volumes of chloroform-methanol (1:5). The resulting single-phase chloroform-methanol-water (1:5:3) supernatant contained LTA and small amounts of several contaminating substances as indicated by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography and chemical analyses. LTA was purified further by DEAE-cellulose chromatography, using a concentration gradient of sodium chloride in chloroform-methanol-water (1:5:3). Two column peaks of LTA were found to contain phosphate, glycerol, glucose, and fatty acids at molar ratios of 1:1:0.11:0.10 and 1:1:0.09:0.04, respectively. The LTA polymers contained 18 and 22 repeating units of unsubstituted glycerophosphate and two glucose residues. The LTA in one column peak had two fatty acids per molecule, whereas that in the second peak contained only one. The yield of LTA was 1.68 mg per g of cell dry weight or 65 mg per g of phenol-water-extracted material. The specific activity of the LTA preparation was increased 128-fold by the purification scheme as determined by a erythrocyte-binding assay. Reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography may be used for rapid separation of LTA molecules containing different numbers of acyl groups.
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PMID:Purification of lipoteichoic acid by chromatography in water-organic solvent systems. 394 92

Chromatographic procedures have been developed for determination of the stabilizers N-acetyl-DL-tryptophan and octanoic acid in human albumin solutions. N-Acetyl-DL-tryptophan and the internal standard, N-formyl-DL-tryptophan, were separated by liquid chromatography on a reversed-phase column with UV detection at 280 nm. Deproteinization and extraction were carried out with methanol. The extraction recovery at the level of 4.9 mM was 92.5 +/- 2.5% (S.D.) (n = 10), and the average coefficient of variation (C.V.) for replicate analyses of albumin solutions (mean = 2.57, 10.44 and 17.10 mM) was 1.10% (n = 27). Octanoic acid was determined gas chromatographically as its methyl ester, with nonanoic acid as the internal standard. The sample pretreatment included acidification, extraction with hexane and derivatization with methanol-sulphuric acid. The relative recovery from albumin solutions was 89.7 +/- 5.8% (S.D.) (n = 6), and replicate determinations of the compound yielded a C.V. of 5.5% (mean = 14.82 mM, n = 9).
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PMID:Chromatographic determination of N-acetyl-DL-tryptophan and octanoic acid in human albumin solutions. 405 47

The platelet-activating factor (PAF) produced by mouse embryos showed similar kinetics of action and dose-response curve, in a bioassay, as did 1-0-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphocholine (PAF-acether). The activity of the embryo-derived PAF was not affected by inhibitors of the ADP (pyruvate kinase with phosphoenol pyruvate) or cyclo-oxygenase (indomethacin) pathways of platelet activation. Chlorpromazine, an inhibitor of the PAF-acether pathway of platelet activation, caused a significant inhibition of the effects of embryo-derived PAF. Phospholipases A2, C and D significantly inhibited the activity while lipase had no effect, suggesting a phospholipid structure. All the embryo-derived PAF was found in the chloroform fraction after chloroform:methanol (2:1 v/v) extraction, as was PAF-acether. Both factors migrated at a similar rate (Rf 0.10-0.12) on silica thin-layer chromatography (chloroform:methanol:water; 65:35:4 by vol.). The embryo-derived PAF therefore displays chemical, biochemical and physiological properties similar to those of PAF-acether.
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PMID:Partial characterization of the embryo-derived platelet-activating factor in mice. 406 21


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